Woven-wire mat and scraper



(No Model.)

B. R. PHASE.

WOVEN WIRE MAT AND SURAPER.

Patented Mar. 12, 1889.

lUNlTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ROBERT R. PEASE, OF HARTFORD, (lONNECllCFT.

WOVEN-WlRE MAT AND SCRAPER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 399,554, dated March 12, 1889.

Application filed July 27, 1887. Serial No. 245,397. (No model.)

To all whom it 7110 concern.-

ie it known that 1, ROBERT E. PEASE, of Hartford, in the county of Hartford and State of Conn ccticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in \Yoven-lVire Mats and Scrapers, of which the followingis a full, clear, and exact description, whereby any one skilled in the art can make and use the same. The object of my improvement is to produce a woven-wire fabric composed of a series of cross-woven strands of spiral wire that shall be particularly adapted for use as a mat; and to this end my inventitm consists in awovenwire fabric composed of a series of primary coils of spiral wires interwoven with each other, in combination with a series of crosswise or secondary coils interwoven with each other and transversely of the coils of the primary fabric in such manner that the opposite sides of each coil or strand of wire are presented on opposite sides of the compound fabric, the planes passing through the center, depthwise of the primary and secondary coils, being substziintially coincident; and my in vention further consists in details of the component primary and secondary coils and their combinations, as more particularly hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims. Referring to the drmvings, Figure 1 is a top or plan view of a section or short length of a series of so-called primary coils of wire. fig. 2 is a like view of this sect-ion of the fabric with the locking-strands interwoven, the latter being distinguished from the primary coils by the heavier shading of the lines. Fig. 3 is a detail view in section at right angles to the plane of the fabric and diagonal of the structure, and taken on plane denoted by line 0000 of Fig. 2. Fig. iis a View showing the fabric in connection with a frame. In the accompanying drawings, the letter a denotes each of the primary coils, of which there may be any convenient number, that are made of wire in the form of an elongated spiral in a manner common in the art of making woven-wire fabrics of this class. These primarycoils interlock at certain points along their length, as shown at a in Fig. l. of the drawings. After having in this manner woven together any desired number of primary coils of a length depending upon the desired size of the finished fabric the primary coils are locked together by a series of crosswise coils that are woven directly into and transversely of the primary coils. The series of locking-coils l) are woven crosswise of the primary fabric, and owing to the locking together of these crosswise coils with the pr mary system of coils the whole structure is made extremely rigid in the preferred form and inelastic to a degree that causes each coil to exert a strong resistance against crushing over or upsetting, the greater portions of the coils that lie next the upper and lower surfaces of the fabric being braced at their points of contact by lying close against each other, as shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings. The crosswise coils l) are not only interlocked or woven through and transversely of the prr ma ry coils, but they interlock also with each other, so that, in fact, two systems of what may be called a simple weave are formed together and interwoven transversely of each other, each system of primary coils (I and crosswise coils Z) being,-howevcr, formed so that they cannot be moved depthwise of each other except to a limited extent.

In the view shownin Fig. 2 the primary coils a extend from right to left across the. figure, while the locking coils I.) extend crosswise of the fabricthat is, up and down* as shown in this iigure. These locking-coils may be made with a greater number of turns to the foot or unitof length than are the primary coils, the difference in such case between any two of the adjacent turns of the coils bein g, however, so slight that the difference does not interfere with the rapid weaving of the locking-coils into the previously-woven series of coils making up the primary fabric unless the difference in the number of turns is made too great.

The edge of the fabric may be finished by bending back the ends of the coils, as shown at c in Fig. 2, although it is preferable to use a shape-defining frame, as d. It is possible to use aiiexiblc frame in combination with my particular fabric, as herein described and claimed, and a mat formed of the combination of such a fabric and a flexible frame forms the subject-matter of a pending application for llnitcd States Patent of Serial No. 226,757.

I do not limit myself to a fabric of this class with the primary coils formed of a single Wire, or to one with the secondary coils formed of a single wire, as it is possible to use a plural number in forming each strand or coil; but I prefer to make the fabric of the systems of one primary and one locking strand or coil, and of the wire of the gage substantially as shown in Figs. 1 to 3 of the drawings. In a fabric of woven wire made prior to my invention a series of simple coils is first formed, and afterward a series of similar coils has been woven diagonally or transversely across the first and interlocking with each other, but in such a manner that the finished fabric was not at all braced by reason of this peculiar interweaving of the coils, but a fabric was formed that might be appropriately termed one having two plies or two series united depthwise of each other, and for that reason differing substantially from my within-described invention.

In another wire fabric formed of a series of primary coils and of crosswise coils they are not so interwoven as to deprive the structure of lengthwise elasticity nor to make it sufficiently rigid to answer the purposes of a mat, as my structure does.

\Vhen a compound woven fabric-that is, one composed of a primary series and of a crosswise-woven series-is used as a mat, one side of every coil in both series will be in contact with the floor when a weight is brought to bear upon the upper side of such coils, as in using the mat, and in the use of the mat the tendency to crush down or tip over the coils is resist-ed by the grouping of the points of intersection in the peculiar manner described, the support given by the adjacent coils to each other by such grouping being what is meant by the bracing effect of the coils. \Vhen my improved fabric is examined with reference to the peculiar grouping of the crossing-points or points of intersection of the coils of the two series, it will be seen that in both the secondary and in the primary fabrics these points of intersection or points of crossing of the interlocking turns of the coils of wire are all located in a plane that is substantially in the center of the mat depthwise thereof. It will also be seen that the planes in the two systems of coils are substantially coincident in the fabric when considered as a whole. This forms the peculiar feature of my improved fabric that sharply distinguishes it from woven-wire fabrics of the prior art.

I do not limit myself to the precise arrangement of the primary coils and of the secondary coils as to the manner of their interlocking, as myinvention is present in a structure when the two sets of spiral wires cross each other, and are so woven together that their points of intersection lie substantially in the same plane.

It will be seen that the coils composing the two series in my woven-wire fabric all have three turns formed in the same direction that is, they are all right-hand coils in both the primary and in the secondary fabrics.

I claim as my invention- 1. As an improved article of manufacture, a wire mat and scraper composed of a system of primary coils interwoven with each other, and a transverse system of locking-coils interwoven with each other and with the primary coils, the turns of the locking-coils lying outside of the successive primary coils, whereby the several coils are held against depthwise movement on each other, all substantially as described.

2. In combination, in an interwoven-wire fabric, a series of interlocking primary coils, a, and a series of transverse and interlocking bracing-coils, b, the latter having a greater number of turns to the unit of length than the former, the successive turns of each bracing-coil lying alternately over and under the successive primary coils, all substantially as described.

3. I11 combination, in an interwoven fabric of spirals of Wire, the primary fabric and the secondary fabric, the coils of the two sets crossing each other and interwoven, so that the planes common to the points of intersection in the two sets are approximately coincident, all substantially as described.

ROBERT R. PEASE.

lVitnesses: V

CHAS. L. BURDETT, A. l JENKINS. 

